In Ohio, when is extrinsic evidence of a prior inconsistent statement allowed?

Extrinsic evidence of a prior inconsistent statement is permissible in Ohio once the witness has had an opportunity to explain or deny the statement. This requirement serves the purpose of allowing the witness to address the inconsistency directly, promoting fairness and ensuring that the jury has a full understanding of the context of the witness's statements. By giving the witness a chance to explain the prior statement, it helps to clarify any misunderstandings and gives the witness an opportunity to defend or justify their previous position before extrinsic evidence is introduced.

In contrast, introducing extrinsic evidence without this prerequisite could lead to unfairness, as the witness would not have the opportunity to clarify or contextualize their statements. Therefore, the procedural safeguard of requiring an explanation or denial aligns with the principles of fairness in trial proceedings.