What characterizes the bias method of impeachment?

The bias method of impeachment focuses on demonstrating that a witness has a vested interest, personal motives, or an inclination that influences their testimony. By showing that a witness has reasons to present evidence in a way that favors one side over the other—due to factors such as relationships, financial interests, or personal beliefs—an attorney can argue that the witness's credibility is compromised. This method seeks to reveal how these influences might impact the reliability or truthfulness of the witness's statements in a case.

Bias can take many forms, including friendships, animosities, or financial incentives that could motivate a witness to distort the truth. Addressing these biases is crucial during trial because a jury or judge can weigh this information when assessing the witness's reliability. This distinguishes the bias method from other approaches to impeachment, such as using extrinsic evidence to discredit a witness or merely providing background information, which do not directly target the motives behind a witness's testimony.