When may extrinsic evidence of prior inconsistent statements be used?

Extrinsic evidence of prior inconsistent statements may be used specifically after the witness has been given a chance to explain or deny the statement in question. This procedural rule is grounded in the principles of fairness and the opportunity for a witness to address potential inconsistencies in their testimony. The rationale is that a witness should first be allowed to clarify or dispute a prior statement before the party introduces evidence that contradicts their testimony. This approach helps to uphold the integrity of the witness's testimony and ensures that the judicial process remains fair and thorough.

Adhering to this rule is crucial because introducing extrinsic evidence prematurely could prejudice the jury against the witness without giving the witness a fair opportunity to reconcile their statements. It ensures that the witness's credibility is assessed based on their responses and clarifications rather than solely on past inconsistencies. This process aims to create a more reliable and just outcome in legal proceedings.