Who is allowed to offer character evidence when character is directly at issue?

When character is directly at issue in a case, either party involved—whether the prosecution or the defense—is permitted to introduce character evidence. This is crucial in situations where a person's character traits directly pertain to the elements of the case, such as in defamation suits, cases involving self-defense, or other circumstances where a party's character becomes a fundamental aspect of the legal arguments being made.

For instance, if a defendant claims that their peaceful character makes the use of force in a particular situation excusable, they may introduce evidence of their good character. Conversely, the prosecution can also introduce character evidence to counter that claim or to establish a pattern of behavior relevant to the charges against the defendant. Thus, allowing both parties to present character evidence increases the fairness and comprehensiveness of the trial by providing a complete picture of the relevant issues.